Properties such as boiling point, freezing point and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when s

Question

Properties such as boiling point, freezing point and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when solute molecules are added to get homogeneous solution. These are called colligative properties. Applications of colligative properties are very useful in day-to-day life. One of its examples is the use of ethylene glycol and water mixture as anti-freezing liquid in the radiator of automobiles.
A solution $M$ is prepared by mixing ethanol and water. The mole fraction of ethanol in the mixture is 0.9
Given : Freezing point depression constant of water $\left(K_fight.$ water $)=1.86 \mathrm{~K} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$
Freezing point depression constant of ethanol ( $K_{f 	ext { ethanol }}$ )
$
=2.0 \mathrm{~K} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}
$
Boiling point elevation constant of water ( $K_{b 	ext { water }}$ )
$
=0.52 \mathrm{~K} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}
$
Boiling point elevation constant of ethanol ( $K_{b 	ext { ethanol }}$ )
$
=1.2 \mathrm{~K} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}
$\Standard freezing point of water $=273 \mathrm{~K}$
Standard freezing point of ethanol $=155.7 \mathrm{~K}$
Standard boiling point of water $=373 \mathrm{~K}$
Standard boiling point of ethanol $=351.5 \mathrm{~K}$
Vapour pressure of pure water $=32.8 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$
Vapour pressure of pure ethanol $=40 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$
Molecular weight of water $=18 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$
Molecular weight of ethanol $=46 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$
In answering the following questions, consider the solutions to be ideal dilute solutions and solutes to be non-volatile and non-dissociative.

Professor PC Thomas Classes · Answer

See detailed solution for explanation.